동사편 - 불규칙 동사

 

안녕하세요?

이번 시간에는 계속 헷갈리는 불규칙 동사 공부 해 보겠습니다. 사실 불규칙 동사의 왕도는 없습니다. 단순하게 반복이 암기타파하는데 가장 큰무기입니다. 불규칙동사 반복 또 반복입니다. 반복하면 저절로 암기가 됩니다.  암기하실때 음 또는 리듬을 넣어 암기하시면 암기시간이 2~3배 연장된다는 사실 잊지 마시고 하세요^^

 

( A - A - A )

원형      의미        과거       과거분사(p.p)

cost [kɔːst] (비용이)들다 − cost − cost

cut[kʌt] 자르다 - cut - cut

hit [hit] 치다 − hit − hit

hurt[həːt] 상처내다 - hurt - hurt

let[let] 하게하다 - let - let

 

put[put] 놓다 - put - put

read[riːd] 읽다 - read[red] - read[red]

set [set] 놓다 − set − set

shut[ʃʌt] 닫다 - shut - shut

spread 펴다, 펼치다 - spread - spread

 

burst 터지다 - burst - burst

cast 던지다, 배역을 맞다 - cast - cast

quit 그만두다 - quit - quit

 

( A -A - A')

beat [biːt] 때리다 − beat − beaten[bíːtn]

 

( A -B - A )

come [kʌm] 오다 − came [keim] − come

become 되다 − became − become

run [rʌn] 달리다 − ran [ræn] − run

 

(A - B - B)

build [bild] 세우다 − built [bilt] − built

lend [lend] 빌려주다 − lent [lent] − lent

send [send] 보내다 − sent [sent] − sent

 

spend [spend]소비하다 − spent [spent] − spent

learn 배우다 - learned (learnt) - learned (learnt)

burn [bəːn]태우다 − burnt [bəːnt] − burnt

 

mean [miːn]의미하다 − meant [ment] − meant

smell [smel] 냄새맡다 − smelt [smelt] − smelt

 

feed 먹이를 주다 - fed - fed

flee 달아나다 - fled - fled

shine 빛나다 - shone - shone

bring [briŋ]가져오다 − brought [brɔːt] − brought

buy [bai] 사다 − bought [bɔːt] − bought

 

catch [kætʃ] 잡다 − caught [kɔːt] − caught

fight [fait] 싸우다 − fought [fɔːt] − fought

seek [sik] 찾다 - sought [sɔ:t] - sought

teach [tiːtʃ]가르치다 − taught [tɔːt] − taught

think [Ɵiŋk]생각하다 − thought [Ɵɔːt] − thought

 

find [faind] 발견하다 − found [faund] − found

found 설립하다 - founded - founded

keep [kiːp]유지하다 − kept [kept] − kept

sleep [sliːp] 자다 − slept [slept] − slept

leave [liːv]떠나다 − left [left] − left

 

meet [miːt] 만나다 − met [met] − met

dream 꿈을 꾸다 - dreamed (dreamt) - dreamed (dreamt)

lead [liːd]이끌다 − led [led] − led

lay [lei] 두다 − laid [leid] − laid

pay [pei] 지불하다 − paid[peid] − paid

 

say [sei] 말하다 − said [sed] − said

awake [əwéik]깨우다 − awoke [əwóuk] − awoke

dig [dig] 파다 − dug [dʌg] − dug

bend 구부리다 - bent - bent

stand 서다 - stood - stood

 

understand 이해하다 - understood - understood

misunderstand 오해하다 - misunderstood - misunderstood

slide 미끄러지다 - slid - slid

shoot 쏘다 - shot - shot

strike 치다 - struck - struck

 

stick 끼우다 - stuck -stuck

bind 묶다 - bound - bound

bound 튀다 - bounded - bounded

feel [fíːl] 느끼다 − felt [felt] − felt

deal 거래하다 - dealt - dealt

 

hang [hæŋ]걸다 - hung [hʌŋ] - hung

shine [ʃain]빛나다 − shone [ʃɑn] − shone

sit [sit] 앉다 − sat [sæt] − sat

sting 찌르다 - stung - stung

bleed 출혈하다 - bled - bled

 

wind 감다 - wound - wound

wound 부상입히다 - wounded - wounded

stand [stænd] 서다 − stood [stud] − stood

win [win] 이기다 − won [wʌn] − won

have, has 가지다 − had − had

 

hear [hiə] 듣다 − heard [həːd] − heard

hold [hould]지니다 − held [held] − held

sell [sel] 팔다 − sold [sould] − sold

tell [tel] 말하다 − told [tould] − told

make [meik] 만들다 − made [meid] − made

 

lose [luːz] 잃다 − lost [lɔːst] − lost

light 불을 켜다 - lit (lighted) - lit

misspell 철자를 틀리다 - misspelled(misspelt) - misspelled(misspelt)

 

grind 갈다 - ground - ground

weep 울다 - wept - wept

 

sweep 쓸다 - swept - swept

spin 돌다 - spun - spun

swing 흔들다 - swung -swung

 

(A - B - C)

drive [draiv] 운전하다 − drove [drouv] − driven [drívn]

ride [raid] (차,말등)타다 − rode [roud] − ridden [ridn]

 

forbid 금지하다 - forbade(forbad) - forbidden

hide 숨기다 - hid - hidden (hid)

bid ~에게 명령하다 - bade - bidden

rise 오르다,일어서다(자) − rose [rouz] − risen [rízn]

raise 들어올리다(타) -raised - raised

 

write [rait]쓰다 − wrote [rout] − written [rítn]

blow [blou]불다 − blew [blu:] − blown [bloun]

grow [grou]자라다 − grew [gruː] − grown [groun]

know [nou] 알다 − knew [njuː] − known[noun]

throw [Ɵrou]던지다 − threw [Ɵruː] − thrown [Ɵroun]

 

take [teik] 잡다 − took [tuk] − taken [téikn]

shake [ʃeik]흔들다 − shook [ʃuk] − shaken [ʃéikn]

eat [iːt] 먹다 − ate [eit] − eaten [íːtn]

give[giv] 주다 − gave [geiv] − given [givn])

forgive 용서하다 - forgave - forgiven

 

fall [fɔːl]떨어지다 − fell [fel] − fallen [fɔ́ːln]

fell 배어 넘어뜨리다 - felled - felled

do (does) 하다 − did [did] − done [dʌn]

go [góu] 가다 − went [went] − gone[gɔː(ɔ)n]

 

be (am, is, are)이다 - was, were - been[bin]

see [siː] 보다 − saw [sɔː] − seen[siːn]

show [ʃou]보여주다 − showed − shown (showed)

bear [bɛə]낳다 − bore [bɔə] − born [bɔːn]

tear [tɛə]찢다 − tore [tɔə] − torn [tɔːn]

wear [wɛə] 입다 − wore [wɔə] − worn[wɔːn]

 

swear 맹세하다 - swore - sworn

bite [bait]물다 − bit [bit] − bitten [bitn],

forget [fəgét]잊다 − forgot [fəgɑ́(ɔ́)t] − forgotten [fəgɑ́(ɔ́)tn]

get [get] 얻다 − got [gɑ(ɔ)t] − gotten (got)

arise 일어나다 - arose - arisen

 

hide [haid]감추다 − hid [hid] − hidden [hídn]

break [breik]깨뜨리다 − broke [brouk] − broken [bróukn]

choose [tʃuːz]고르다 − chose [tʃouz] − chosen [tʃóuzn]

freeze [friz] 얼음이 얼다 - froze [frouz] - frozen[frouzn]

wake 잠이깨다 - woke - woken

 

mistake 오해하다 - mistook - mistaken

speak [spiːk] 말하다 − spoke [spouk] − spoken [spóukn]

steal [stiːl] 훔치다 − stole [stoul] − stolen[stóuln]

begin [bígin] 시작하다 − began [bigǽn] − begun [bigʌ́n]

drink [driŋk] 마시다 − drank [dræŋk] − drunk[drʌŋk]

 

shrink 줄다, 수축하다 - shrank (shrunk) -shrunk(shrunken)

ring [riŋ] 울리다 − rang [ræŋ] − rung [rʌŋ]

sing [siŋ] 노래하다 − sang [sæŋ] − sung [sʌŋ]

sink [siŋk] 가라앉다 − sank [sæŋk] − sunk[sʌŋk]

swim [swim]수영하다 − swam [swæm] − swum [swʌm]

 

weep 울다 - wept - wept

sew 바느질하다,꿰매다 - sewed - sewn

fly [flai] 날다 − flew [fluː] − flown [floun]

lie [lai]가로눕다 − lay [lei] − lain [lein]

cf)lie 거짓말하다 - lied - lied

lay 알을낳다,눕히다(타) - laid - laid

 

tip [ 조동사 과거형 ]

must [mʌst]해야한다

shall [ʃæl] 할 것이다 − should [ʃud]

can [kæn, kən]할수있다 − could

will [wil] 할 것이다 − would [wud]

may [mei] 해도 좋다 − might [mait]

 

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